Pile structure.



H. C. HOLMES.

PILE STRUCTURE,

APPLICATION FILED JULY 2o, 190e.

920,06 1 Patented Apr. 27, 1909.

TTORN EY.

TH: NoRRls PETERS cm, wnsmnvf'rorl, D. c.

HOWARD C. HOLMES, Ol SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

PILE STRUCTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 27, 1909.

Application filed July 20, 1908. Serial No. 444,411.

.T0 all whom 'it may Concern:

Be it known that I, Howlin) O. lloLMns, citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of San llraneisco and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in iile Structures, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in pile and similar devices', such as may be employed to provide a foundation for the support of wharves, and like or equivalent struetures.

It consists in a combination of parts, and in details of construction which will be more r fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which* Figure l is an elevation and partial section with the parts in final position. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through ;r .r of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is yie` f showing the position of cylinder before driving. Figs. yl, 5, (l and 7 are modifications of the device.

vWhere piles are driven in mud, and especially where the mud is deep and soft, dcpendence must be had upon what is termed skin friction, or that quality of the uuid which causes it to adhere so continually to the surface as to form in a great measure a sullicient support for the piles, and the structure carried thereby.

It is the object of my present invention to take advantage of this skin friction, and to increase its e''lectiveness.

A represents a pile which may be driven into the mud or earth at any point where its services are desired. Around this pile is 'litted a casing 2 which is adapted to rueiye a filling of concrete. This casing may be made of any well known, suitable, or desired inaterial. It niay be made as here shown of wooden stares, bound together by hoops, and it has a sullieiently large interior diameter to leayc a considerable space around the pile to 'receive a filling of concrete. IYthin the casing 2 I form cylinders 3 and -it also constructed of wooden staycs, and securely fastened to the main cylinder with carriage. bolts. These cylinders are of such length as to extend from the bottom of the outer casing upwardly. In the presentcaso they are shown as extending from the solid bottom up to the line of the still mud of the submerged surface. The cylinder 4 is preferably rnade as shown of wedge-shaped staves, converging from the bottoni upwardly so thatits interior has a diameter but slightly larger than that of the interior pile. The pile liafving been driven to the proper depth, the casing is then driven or forced down until its lower end rests upon the solid bottom, The interior cylinder t acts during the driving to force the soft mud down, and thus leave the space above these interior cylinders substantially free for the subsequent 'filling of concrete, and without the necessity of pumping, hydraulicing or otherwise removing this interior mud. In order to insure this action, I have found a very suitable means is to -lit a gasket of some description, either of old rope, oakum tule or other pliable fabric, closely around the pile, and allow it to drop until it rests on the mud. rllhe wooden cylinder then being placed over the pile, and driven to the solid foundation, will force the mud out, and as the part 4 is but slightly larger than the pile, it forms a guide to hold the pile substantially concentric with the cylinder. then the cylinder enters the mud the gasket, if used, is forced up into the space between the pile and the cylinder r1, and will close the entrance to the saaie, and the interior mud is thus forced downward with the cylinder, leaving the portion above. the opening free from the mud. The shoulder of the cylinder 3 forms a resting-place for the interior lilling of concrete, and transmits the load of said concrete to the hard betteln, and also to the main cylinder to which the interior one is attached.

In sonic cases and in order to provide an additional skin friction, by reason of a larger base, I may increase the cnd section of the wooden cyliiulcr, by boltine,` on to the outside of the cylinders 2, supplemental exterior wooden cylinders 6, of larger diameter, and providing a correspondingly increased super lieial area to gire the proper sustaining power, and strength to resist collapsing pressure.

As shown in Fig. G, I increase the end section of the interior of the wooden cylinder as follows: Supplemental cylinders 7 and S ol' greater or less thickness and proper length, are bolted on to the exterior of the main cylinder 3; these extending successively below the bottom of said cylinder, and proyiding the successively increasing areas, as plainly shown in the ligure. This increases the base of the reinforcing filling, wherel the 'foundation is such as to require it; and in any event, provides a greatly increased sta* bility for the structure.

lt will be understood that various modirications or the devices herein shown may be made Without materially altering the character of the invention, the essential features or' which are substantially set forth above.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. A structure consisting of a driven pile, a cylinder of larger diameter adapted to be sunk around the pile, shorter cylinders fixed around the lower interior portion oi the main cylinder, said shorter cylinders being concentrically arranged and adapted to extend from the solid bottom up to the line of the soft mud of the submerged surface, and adapted through the driving of the first-named cylinder, to 'l'orce the soit mud down and thus leave a space above the other cylinders, and a filling of concrete or equivalent plastic material which will harden, surrounding the pile.

2. A structure consisting of a driven pile, an inclosing casing of larger diameter adapty ed to be sunl; around the pile to rest upon the solid bottom, other cylinders concentric with the main cylinder and with each other and fixed within the bottom of the main cylinder, extending upwardly therefrom, closing the space between the cylinder and the pile, and acting as a plunger to force the sott mud downward when the cylinder is sunk.

3. ln a structure of the character de scribed, a driven pile, a cylinder of larger diameter adapted to be sunl; around the pile, other cylinders concentric with each other and with the main cylinder and extending from the bottoni of the main cylinder upwardly, having the upper periphery closely litting the body ot the pile, and acting to force the soit mud downwardly when the i cylinder is sunk to position, said interior cylinders Jforming shoulders, and a iilling or concrete surrounding the pile within the cylinder andresting upon said shoulders.

4. ln a structure of the character described, a driven pile, an exterior inclosing cylinder oi' larger' diameter adapted to be sunk around the pile, with interior lining cylinders in the lower part, the upper ends olI said interior cylinders forming an upwardly convergent guide to center the pile and casing, and supports, and a body ol' concrete surrounding the pile within the casing, and resting upon said shoulders.

5. ln a structure oi the character dew scribed, a driven pile, an inclosing cylinder ol' larger diameter adapted to be sunk around the pile, interior lining cylinders extending from the bottom upwardly, the upper portion forming an upwardly convergent chan nel around the pile, a iiexible gasket adapted to fit said channel when the casing is sunk to position, and to l'orce the niud out o'l' the casing.

6. ln a structure oi' the character de scribed, a driven pile, an exterior inclosing casing oi' larger diameter, said casing adapted to be sunk around the pile to the solid bottom, interior cylinders lixed to the lower part ot the casing and decreasing upwardly, iorming a guide to center the casing around the pile, a shelf or support and a iilling oll concrete surrounding the pile within the casing and resting upon the shell formed by the interior linings.

7. ln a structure o'll the character described, a driven pile, an exterior casing adapted to be sunk around the pile to a solid bottom, interior linings 'lixed within said casing and extending upwardly vl'roni the bottom, Al'orining a centering device lor the pile and casing, and a shell' support for the body olI concrete surrounding the pile, and an exterior casing bolted to the lower part ol' the main casing and extending 'l'roni the solid bottom upwardly into the solt superposed mud.

8. ln a structure otl the character described, a driven pile, an inclosing casing olA larger diameter sunl; around the pile and adapted to receive a iilling o'l' concrete, a plurality ol' exterior cylinders 'lixed to the inner cylinder and successively increasing the sur` lace area downwardly to the hard bottoni i upon which the cylinder rests.

9. ln a structure of the character described, a cylinder o'l' larO'e diameter, a plurality ot' other cylinders surrounding the lower part ol' the main cylinder, and successively extending downwardly below its end exterior to said cylinder', and resting upon the hard bottom, and the whole 'l'orining a receptacle l'or a iilling olI concrete with a base oil large diameter.

l0. ln a structure olI the character described, a main cylindrical casing, a plurality ol exterior casings extending downwardly l'roni the lower part and successively increasing in diameter, and closely ritting the casing and each other, and a filling ol' con crete there'l'or.

ln testimony whereo'lI l have hereunto set my hand in presence ol two subscribing witnesses.

llOl/Vrllil) C. HOLMES.

lVitnesses:

Gno. H. STRONG, M. V. CoLLiNs. 

